Kuvavanyo olwenziwa sisazi ngengqondo saseMelika uHarry Harlow, umfuniseli uthathe usana lwenkawu olusandul’ ukuzalwa lwalususa kunina lwenkawu lwalondla lodwa ekhejini. Umlingi wenza “oomama” ababini beenkawu ezisehokweni. Omnye “ngumama” owenziwe ngocingo lwentsimbi, odla ngokunika iintsana zeenkawu ukutya; enye yiflaneli "umama", engahambi kwelinye icala lekheji. Okumangalisayo kukuba, usana lwenkawu luhamba luye kumama wocingo ukuze lutye ukutya kuphela xa lulambile, kwaye ixesha elininzi lichitha kumama weflaneli.
Zidibanise izinto ezinjeiithoyi ezimnandingokwenene inokuzisa ulonwabo nonqabiseko ebantwaneni. Uqhagamshelwano olukhululekileyo luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokudibanisa kwabantwana. Sisoloko sibona abanye abantwana ekuye kufuneke babambe iingalo zabo kwinto yokudlala etofotofo ngaphambi kokuba balale ebusuku, okanye kufuneka bagqunywe ngengubo etofotofo ukuze balale. Ukuba ithoyizi edibeneyo ilahlwa kude, okanye igutyungelwe ngezinye iingubo zengubo, ziya kuba nomsindo kwaye zingakwazi ukulala. Ngamanye amaxesha sifumanisa ukuba ubuncwane obukhulu buhlala buthanda ukuhamba kunye namathoyizi abo anqabileyo emva kokuba abantakwabo okanye oodadewabo abancinci bazalwe, nokuba bayatya. Kungenxa yokuba izinto zokudlala ezimfumamfuma, ukusa kumlinganiselo othile, ziyakwazi ukuthintela ukungakhuseleki komntwana. Ukongeza, uhlala unxibelelana namathoyizi athambileyo, loo mvakalelo ithambileyo nefudumeleyo, isazi ngengqondo uEliot ukholelwa ukuba intuthuzelo yoqhagamshelwano inokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwempilo yeemvakalelo yabantwana.
Ukongeza kwimvakalelo yokhuseleko, izinto ezitofotofo ezifana ne-plushizinto zokudlalainokukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kweemvakalelo ezithintekayo kubantwana abancinci. Xa umntwana ebamba ithoyi etofotofo ngesandla sakhe, i-fluff encinci ibamba zonke ii-intshi zeeseli kunye nemithambo-luvo esandleni. Ukuthamba oku kuzisa ulonwabo emntwaneni kwaye kukwanceda uvakalelo olubambekayo lomntwana. Ngenxa yokuba i-neurotactile corpuscles yomzimba womntu (i-tactile receptors) isasazwa ngokuxineneyo kwiminwe (i-tactile corpuscles yeminwe yabantwana yeyona ixineneyo, kwaye ubuninzi buya kuncipha njengoko bebudala), esinye isiphelo se-receptors siqhagamshelwe kwingqondo, kwaye Ihlala “ilayitiwe”. , Inceda ukuphucula ukuqonda kwengqondo kunye noxinzelelo kwihlabathi langaphandle. Esi siphumo siyafana naso somntwana ochola iimbotyi ezincinci, kodwa i-plush iya kuba buthathaka.
Nakuba kunjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zintle kangakanani na izinto zokudlala ezitofotofo, azifani nokwanga ngokufudumeleyo kwabazali. Nangonaiithoyi ezithambileyozinokunceda abantwana bakhule ngokweemvakalelo, bafana nomahluko phakathi kolwandle nethanjana lamanzi xa kuthelekiswa nonqabiseko nokondla ngokweemvakalelo okuziswa ngabazali ebantwaneni. Ukuba umntwana uye watyeshelwa, walahlwa okanye waxhatshazwa ngabazali bakhe ukususela ebuntwaneni, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zingaphi na izinto zokudlala ezimfumamfuma ezinikwe abantwana, iziphene zabo ezingokweemvakalelo nokungabikho konqabiseko zisekho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-23-2021